FHE History
https://x.com/i/grok/share/RSLkKLSs4lyw2208GWL4bXSIJ Homomorphic Encryption References (archived)
Milestones
![[FHE history milestones]]
Pre-history
FHE was first envisioned by Rivest, Adleman, Dertouzos with the name "privacy homomorphisms" in 1978.

From Craig Gentry's slides
![[Homomorphic Encryption References (archived)#Pre-FHE]]
Gen I & II
It took until 2009 for the first FHE scheme to be constructed by Craig Gentry in his PhD thesis
ref

The first working implementation came in 2011 by Gentry and Halevi, though it was extremely slow (30 minutes per bit during computation [^5]).


![[Homomorphic Encryption References (archived)#Gen I]] ![[Homomorphic Encryption References (archived)#Gen II]]
Gen III

![[Homomorphic Encryption References (archived)#Gen III]]
Gen IV

Post Gen IV
https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/346.pdf
See Fully Homomorphic Encryption Just Became Practical (archived)
- Fully Homomorphic Encryption and the Dawn of A Truly Private Internet — For more, see [[FHE History]].
- Fully Homomorphic Encryption and the Dawn of a Truly Private Internet (v0) — [[FHE History]]
- Fully Homomorphic Encryption and the Dawn of a Truly Private Internet (v1) — [[FHE History]]
- The Coming Wave of Encrypted Computation (v2) — [[FHE History]]